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  • John Cochrane: Inflation, Debt, and the Risks Facing the Economy

    John Cochrane: Inflation, Debt, and the Risks Facing the Economy

    In this interview, John Cochrane discusses the relationship between government debt, inflation, and monetary policy, the risks facing the US economy, and whether policymakers have made another financial crisis more likely. We also explore the limits of central bank independence, the consequences of rising public debt, and the importance of economic growth.

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  • Paul Jackson: Flexible Work, Fair Pay, and Worker Freedom

    Paul Jackson: Flexible Work, Fair Pay, and Worker Freedom

    Flexible work and fair pay are central to the debate over how technology is changing employment. Paul Jackson examines how technology can help ensure workers are paid for their work, why the balance between efficiency and autonomy matters, and whether we can make work fairer without sacrificing freedom.

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  • Matt Battaglia: Art, Freedom, and the Problem with Political Propaganda

    Matt Battaglia: Art, Freedom, and the Problem with Political Propaganda

    What do graphic novels, political documentaries, and Georgian winemaking have in common? For Matt Battaglia, they are all ways of exploring the human experience and the meaning of freedom. In this interview, we discuss artistic expression, political propaganda, storytelling, digital gatekeepers, and how creators can reach audiences without sacrificing their vision.

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  • When Hollywood Forgets To Movie

    When Hollywood Forgets To Movie

    If you are like me and don’t want to go out when it’s scorching hot outside, no matter what day of the week it is, you’d probably pop in for a movie. In my search for a good Friday night movie, Now You See Me: Now You Don’t popped up. And of course, like any proper movie lover, I rewatched the first two movies in the series, only to be disappointed. Not that I didn’t see the problems when I first watched them, but seeing them again irritated me. It prompted me to write these few words about a feeling I have had for quite some time now: there are a few major problems that have become increasingly common in the movie world.

    Milking the Cow

    Movies today never seem to end. Think, for example, of the Marvel Cinematic Universe – or any similar project, for that matter – a universe that keeps expanding, with multiple new superheroes and stories constantly being introduced. And it works precisely because it is meant to work that way. There is nothing inherently wrong with having an expanding universe. At the same time, it doesn’t always work either, as the box office can tell us. But when they faltered, it was not because they lacked the tools to tell good stories. They simply produced subpar movies on many occasions.

    And then think of the many other major successes that simply could not be left alone. James Cameron’s Avatar, a major success by more than enough metrics, was not enough. It had to have sequels. Katniss Everdeen overthrew the regime and got her sort of happily ever after. We cheered at the conclusion. Her story was over, and yet the Hunger Games world keeps growing. Harry Potter was no different: Harry’s story had an ending, but the world didn’t stop expanding through new stories and movies.

    The magical world of Harry Potter can offer so much – after all, it’s magical. But once it has given us a satisfying ending, what do we really gain by reopening it, simply because it remains commercially valuable?

    To wrap things up here, I’ll use one of my favorite movies, V for Vendetta. Not a perfect movie, but one that hit close to the mark in my book. It is a movie that I rewatch every few years, especially on the 5th of November. If it randomly pops up when I am changing the channels on TV, I stop right away. With that being said, what if there was a second, or a third, V movie? What if we had an origin story because the glimpse we got into V’s past in the movie was not enough? What if we were given the drama of post-revolution London because seeing the people wearing the masks, marching towards the barricades, was not enough? A new prequel or sequel, no matter how good it might be on its own, could ruin the experience of V for Vendetta simply because V’s story ended. Unlike in mathematics, adding sometimes takes something away: the mystery, the finality, and even some of the beauty of the story.

    Movies and Politics

    Coming from a rather non-conformist political persuasion myself, I often ask myself whether I am being unfair to a movie when its politics irritate me. And then I think of movies I like that were riddled with politics, much of which I strongly disagreed with, and I realize that it isn’t the politics themselves. It’s the way they are shoved down our throats.

    ———— Related: William Irwin: Living Without a Script ————

    Going back to where we started with Now You See Me: Now You Don’t, we will find that exact problem. When we are introduced to the new characters, we are suddenly thrown lines about a promising acting career being cut short by crippling student loans. Then comes the take that the “olds” broke the planet and that it is the younger generation’s job to clean up their mess, only for it to be followed by a simple “Am I wrong?” and a resounding “No.” The problem here is not whether I agree with the politics. It is the way the writers chose to present them to me, as if the movie itself needed to make sure I understood which side was right. And if you think I am exaggerating a single conversation in the movie, ask yourself whether anything about the story would change if we were not introduced to this flimsy backstory.

    On the other hand, one of my rather more enjoyable movies, A Time to Kill, has a perfect scene that is the total opposite. Where politics is done not only right, but in the best way possible: through the characters rather than through the writer. (I will not spoil the movie here, but if you have not watched it, you are missing out.) See, the movie takes place in 1984 in Mississippi, where two of the lawyers are discussing the death penalty during a meal. When they realize they differ on the issue, Ellen Roark (Sandra Bullock), an idealistic law student from Massachusetts, is offended and tells Jake Brigance (Matthew McConaughey), “For some reason I thought you were a liberal.” And this is the great part of the scene: we, the audience, are presented with two coherent arguments regarding the death penalty, and the scene ends. We know what the characters think and we know their motivations. We even understand their characters better after the scene. The movie allows for the disagreement to exist. By not resolving the issue, it leaves us to our own devices to make the decision about whose reasoning we support. We are left with a debate to be had about the issue after the movie, perhaps over lunch with the friends we have watched the movie with.

    Shitty Plots

    How many times have you heard someone say, “back in my day, x was better?” How many times have you said this? I know I have both heard this and said this at the same time. More often than not, I reckon, it’s just nostalgia for a different time when one was younger, living a life with far fewer obligations than adulthood brings. And yet, it does feel like good movies today are harder to find. You can, of course, blame everything but the movie itself. And that seems to be an increasingly easy way out in Hollywood. After all, the all-female Ghostbusters: Answer the Call was not a bust because its plot sucked, but because of misogyny at large. And Ghostbusters is hardly the only example of a movie that failed at the box office only to place the blame on something esoteric. I could pull plenty of others out of a hat; this is simply the first one that came to mind. Sometimes a movie is simply bad. Sometimes the plot sucks. And perhaps that is not such a complicated explanation after all.

    On the other hand, there have been some clear winners. Top Gun: Maverick is a good example. It had an excellent cast and played on our emotions with nostalgia. Then again, it had a derivative premise and derivative characters. And yet, it worked because it delivered on what it promised: among other things, a good and enjoyable plot. It gave us characters whose lives we cannot completely relate to – after all, we ain’t gonna be fighter pilots. But we were with them on the mission. We felt what they felt. We cheered when they won because we won with them.

    If you are more into the superhero genre, Superman (2025) and Spider-Man: Brand New Day are more recent examples. If mystery is more your thing, there is the Knives Out franchise. For something, in lack of better words, more fun, there is Bullet Train. And what do all these picks of mine have in common? They are good movies because they achieve what they promise to do. They give you the comedy, the superhero story, the mystery, or the action, while moving the plot forward and developing the characters along the way. They don’t need to reinvent the wheel. They simply need to make the wheel turn.

    What Hollywood Keeps Getting Wrong

    Am I contradicting myself throughout these words? Well, no. There are a few problems in Hollywood that can ruin the experience. You can blame the writers’ strike from a few years ago; you can blame CGI and AI; you can blame oversaturation of certain genres; you can even blame the audience, as some have done. To some degree, all of that might be the case, and more. But in the end, shitty plots make bad movies. Political messages that serve no purpose make bad movies, especially in an art form that people often turn to as an escape from the politics of everyday life. And, to make a full circle, constantly continuing movies in the same universes simply because they “will make money” makes bad movies too.

    A sequel isn’t inherently bad. A sequel after the story has ended, or one without a story worth telling, is. Politics in movies are no different: there is nothing wrong with characters having political beliefs, but there is a problem when the movie stops being a story and becomes an argument. And originality was never the measure of a good movie either – Home Alone is basically Die Hard for children, and yet both movies work! What matters is whether the moviemakers remember why moviegoers come to watch in the first place.

    The problem is not that Hollywood stopped being capable of making good movies. It is that good movies increasingly feel like exceptions rather than the default. But at the same time, it is us who still pay for shitty movies to be made. Remember, if no one is buying, no one would be selling.

    —— Related: Wonder Woman and the Wonders of Prosperity ——

  • William Irwin: Living Without a Script

    William Irwin: Living Without a Script

    What do Seinfeld, heavy metal, existentialism, and free markets have in common? For William Irwin, they are all ways of thinking about some of philosophy’s oldest questions — how we should live, what it means to be free, and how we become ourselves. In this interview, we discuss philosophy in popular culture, Metallica and Black Sabbath, existentialism and individual freedom, capitalism and consumerism, and what it means to live an authentic life.

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  • Ilya Somin: Freedom Beyond the Ballot Box

    Ilya Somin: Freedom Beyond the Ballot Box

    Ilya Somin joins us to discuss political ignorance, foot voting, immigration, and what freedom looks like beyond the ballot box.

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  • Glen Hodgson: The Future of Work

    Glen Hodgson: The Future of Work

    In this interview, Glen Hodgson discusses the future of work, from AI and remote work to changing expectations around the traditional 9-to-5 and the challenges facing Europe’s labour markets.

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  • Kristian Niemietz: Why Britain Stopped Building

    Kristian Niemietz: Why Britain Stopped Building

    In this interview, Kristian Niemietz discusses housing and infrastructure, the problems facing the NHS, Britain’s economic stagnation, the legacy of Brexit, the political obstacles to pro-market reform, and the challenges AI poses for Britain and Europe’s competitiveness.

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  • Kevin Flanagan: Brehon Law and Rethinking the Modern World

    Kevin Flanagan: Brehon Law and Rethinking the Modern World

    Kevin Flanagan explores the world of Brehon Law and what it can reveal about ancient Irish society. He discusses law without a central state, the relationship between freedom and responsibility, Irish identity, and what ancient legal traditions can teach us about the modern world.

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  • John Chisholm: Unleashing the Entrepreneur Within

    John Chisholm: Unleashing the Entrepreneur Within

    What does it mean to “unleash your inner company”? For entrepreneur and author John Chisholm, entrepreneurship is not simply about starting a business, but about discovering where your skills, resources, and ambitions can create something of value.

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